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2015, Cilt 45, Sayı 3, Sayfa(lar) 128-135
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Investigation of West Nile Virus in Cerebrospinal Fluid and Blood Samples of Patients with Initial Diagnosis of Central Nervous System Infection and Comparison of Results
Zülfü BAYAR, Mustafa YILMAZ, Zülal AŞCI TORAMAN, Yasemin BULUT
Fırat Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı, Elazığ
Keywords: WNV, CSF, ELISA, RT-PCR

Objective: West Nile Virus (WNV) was firstly isolated in 1937 in West Nile area of Uganda. This virus is an enveloped, 45-50 nm sized RNA virus with icosahedral symmetry that is classified in the Japanese encephalitis virus serocomplex of genus flavivirus of the family flaviviridae. The aim of our study is to show WNV specific antibodies or viral nucleic acid in blood and/or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) o fthe patients with initial diagnosis of CNS infections.

Materials and Methods: Routine blood and CSF samples without any identifiable pathogenic microorganism of the patients who were treated with the initial diagnosis of central nervous system infection which were sent to the hospital's central laboratory, were collected. Ninety-four samples of 47 patients (47 CSF and 47 blood) were examined with no distinction of age, gender, and service. WNV were examined by ELISA and RT-PCR methods in these samples.

Results: Average age of the patients included in this study was 19 years. CSF samples of the patients showed pleocytosis (average 155 cells), moderately high protein levels (mean 89 mg/dl) and mildly low glucose levels (mean 53 mg/dl). In this study, only in one patient's blood sample suspect WNV IgM positivity was detected by ELISA. In all other samples WNV IgM and IgG antibodies were not detected. The CSF and blood samples of the suspected WNV IgM positive samples were found to be negative by RT-PCR method. Similarly, all samples were tested by RT-PCR method and no RNA related to WNV was detected.

Conclusion: In our study, suspect positive result was considered to be related with cross reactivity that can be detected in ELISA method. BNV seronegativity mostly resulted from the low mean age level (mean: 19) of the patients included in the study. Also according to the data we obtained in our study with PCR and ELISA, WNV borne CNS infections were not encountered in our region. Depending on the ecological conditions more comprehensive studies will be needed. We hope our work is of benefit for the WNV database in our country.


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