Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the changes in carbapenem resistance of Enterobacteriaceae isolated from the samples sent to Ondokuz Mayıs University Hospital Medical Microbiology Laboratory in a 3-year period.

Method: A total of 11264 Enterobacteriaceae strains isolated from the clinical samples sent to the laboratory between 2015-2018 were assessed. Clinical specimens were grown on 5% sheep blood agar and EMB agar media. Vitek MS (BioMérieux, France) automated system was used for the identification of bacterial species and Vitek2 Compact (BioMérieux, France) automated system for the determination of antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria.

Results: Growth of different clinical specimens sent between 13 June 2015 and 13 June 2018 were evaluated retrospectively. Of the 11264 Enterobacteriaceae isolates, 518 (4.59%) were found to be carbapenem resistant. It was determined that the frequency of resistance was 4.62% in 2015 and 5.79% in 2018. When the distribution of the isolates according to the clinics and sample types was examined, the highest rate was identified in the internal medicine department with 71.62% and in urine samples with 52.32%.

Conclusion: In our study carbapenem resistance was mostly identified in Klebsiella species. Amikacin susceptibility was found to be higher in carbapenem- resistant isolates. It is important to monitor the resistance status with active surveillance in hospitals in order to determine the appropriate treatment option.