This paper will primaryly cover genitourinary tuberculosis, meanwhile the side effect and management of intravezical BCG treatment will be also discussed briefly at the end of the paper.

Despite advences in chemotherapy the incidence of genitourinary tuberculosis which is a slowly progressive and destructive disease, has not changed considerably. Frequency, dysuria and hematuria are most common presenting features. Although the finding on intravenous pyelography a re helpful in diagnosis, a definitive diagnosis can be established by positive urine or pus cultures for pathogenic mycobacteria or histopathological evidence of tuberculosis or both. The primary treatment of genitourinary tuberculosis is medical and surgical treatment is not an alternative. It can be used as an adjuvant therapy in nesassary cases.

Intravesical therapy with BCG has proved to be more effective than most chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment and prophlaxis of superficial bladder tumours. Compared to intravesical chemotherapy, instillations with BCG seem to provoke more local and systemic reaction, nevertheless in most cases treatment is not needed.