2021, Cilt 51, Sayı 2, Sayfa(lar) 089-098 |
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The Dark Matter of Human Microbiota: Virobiota and Virome |
Gülendam Bozdayı, Işıl Fidan |
Gazi Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı, Tıbbi Viroloji Bilim Dalı, Ankara, Türkiye |
Keywords: Virobiota, virome, disease |
The viral component of the human microbiome is referred as ‘virobiota’. The virobiota is the sum
of all viruses found in or on humans. The set of all genes of virobiota is referred as ‘virome’. The
human virome consists of virus-derived genetic elements found in human genome constituted of
viruses that infect eukaryotic cells, bacteriophages, prokaryotic cells, and, endogenous
retroviruses. The development of new sequencing technologies, such as high-throughput
sequencing techniques allowed the analysis of the human virome. Many new viruses have been
discovered lately, using new generation sequencing technology. In recent years, there has been
an increase in the studies of the human virome as changes in virome have been observed in
diseases. The alterations in the human virome may be associated with infectious, inflammatory
diseases, cancer and autoimmunity. The understanding of how the virome affects human health
and disease can provide the development of potential therapeutic approaches that target the
members of the virome.
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